Functions of National Courts in International Human Rights: The Approach of the Iranian Judiciary and Its Jurisprudential Foundations

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Farid Beyranvand
Department of Law, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
10.22034/jhsrj.2025.2061716.1024
Abstract
Background and Aim: In addition to playing a role in the domestic law of countries, national courts also have functions in the field of international law. The purpose of this study is to explain the functions of national courts in the international human rights system and the approach of the Iranian judiciary.
Materials and Methods: This research is of theoretical type and the research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is library.
Ethical Considerations: In order to organize this research, while observing the authenticity of the texts, honesty and fidelity have been observed
Findings: The case law of national courts, within the framework of the sources of international law and Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, can be considered as an interpretative tool and a secondary source. The case law of national courts can also play an important role in the formation of international custom.
Conclusion: By establishing the 55th Branch of the International Relations Law Department of the Shahid Beheshti Judicial Complex in Tehran, the Iranian judiciary has taken a very important step towards creating a role for the judicial practice of the national courts of Iran in the international human rights system. In order to analyze this step, the focus and explanation of the issued decisions should be done not by emphasizing the lack or presence of a guarantee of execution, but by emphasizing the interpretation of international norms and the explanation of the government's judicial positions.
Keywords
Human rights
National courts
Sources of international law
Jurisprudential foundations
Principle of human dignity
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